weapons of mass destruction » fallout http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info the real danger of weapons of mass destruction is whom aquired them Mon, 06 Sep 2010 15:49:38 +0000 http://wordpress.org/?v=2.8.4 en hourly 1 Radiological Monitoring Techniques: Personnel Monitoring http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/radiological-monitoring-techniques-personnel-monitoring http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/radiological-monitoring-techniques-personnel-monitoring#comments Thu, 27 May 2010 12:04:46 +0000 admin http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/radiological-monitoring-techniques-personnel-monitoring Created by the Office of Civil Defense in 1967, Personnel Monitoring is the first segments of a two part film which deals with fallout monitoring in public shelters and large open areas of municipal importance. Demonstrating the proper procedure for examining radiation levels of people entering fallout shelters, the film was designed to be viewed by radiological defense trainees and shelter managers under the supervision of defense officials.

Duration : 0:3:39


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]]> http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/radiological-monitoring-techniques-personnel-monitoring/feed 0 Planning for Emergence From Public Shelters http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/planning-for-emergence-from-public-shelters http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/planning-for-emergence-from-public-shelters#comments Sat, 27 Mar 2010 07:07:25 +0000 admin http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/planning-for-emergence-from-public-shelters The final film of the Office of Civil Defense radiological monitoring series, Emergence from Public Shelters begins during the stages fallout decay residing from a nuclear attack. It urges a cautious approach to exiting fallout shelters especially stressing the need to keep individual dose rates low. Like its predecessors, the film is set in the Central City shelter system, and revitalizes some of the theatrics and personal stories used by Introductions to a RaDef Exercise. It follows Radiological Decontamination of Food and Personnel.

Duration : 0:9:51


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]]> http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/planning-for-emergence-from-public-shelters/feed 0 Inside Chernobyl’s Sarcophagus 1 of 5 http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/inside-chernobyls-sarcophagus-1-of-5-3 http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/inside-chernobyls-sarcophagus-1-of-5-3#comments Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:52:24 +0000 admin http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/inside-chernobyls-sarcophagus-1-of-5-3 The Chernobyl disaster was a nuclear reactor accident that occurred on 26 April 1986 at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Ukraine (then part of the Soviet Union). It is considered to be the worst nuclear power plant disaster in history and the only level 7 event on the International Nuclear Event Scale. It resulted in a severe release of radioactivity following a massive power excursion that destroyed the reactor. Most deaths from the accident were caused by radiation poisoning.

On 26 April 1986 at 01:23 a.m. (UTC 3) reactor number four at the Chernobyl plant, near Prypiat in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, exploded. Further explosions and the resulting fire sent a plume of highly radioactive fallout into the atmosphere and over an extensive geographical area. Four hundred times more fallout was released than had been by the atomic bombing of Hiroshima.

The plume drifted over large parts of the western Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, Western Europe, and Northern Europe, with some nuclear rain falling as far away as Ireland. Large areas in Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia were badly contaminated, resulting in the evacuation and resettlement of over 336,000 people. According to official post-Soviet data, about 60% of the radioactive fallout landed in Belarus.

The accident raised concerns about the safety of the Soviet nuclear power industry as well as nuclear power in general, slowing its expansion for a number of years while forcing the Soviet government to become less secretive.

The countries of Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus have been burdened with the continuing and substantial decontamination and health care costs of the Chernobyl accident. It is difficult to accurately quantify the number of deaths caused by the events at Chernobyl, as over time it becomes harder to determine whether a death has been caused by exposure to radiation.

The 2005 report prepared by the Chernobyl Forum, led by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and World Health Organization (WHO), attributed 56 direct deaths (47 accident workers, and nine children with thyroid cancer), and estimated that there may be 4,000 extra cancer deaths among the approximately 600,000 most highly exposed people. Although the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone and certain limited areas remain off limits, the majority of affected areas are now considered safe for settlement and economic activity.

Duration : 0:9:20


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]]> http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/inside-chernobyls-sarcophagus-1-of-5-3/feed 4 Inside Chernobyl’s Sarcophagus 2 of 5 http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/inside-chernobyls-sarcophagus-2-of-5 http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/inside-chernobyls-sarcophagus-2-of-5#comments Mon, 08 Feb 2010 21:28:20 +0000 admin http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/inside-chernobyls-sarcophagus-2-of-5 The Chernobyl disaster was a nuclear reactor accident that occurred on 26 April 1986 at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Ukraine (then part of the Soviet Union). It is considered to be the worst nuclear power plant disaster in history and the only level 7 event on the International Nuclear Event Scale. It resulted in a severe release of radioactivity following a massive power excursion that destroyed the reactor. Most deaths from the accident were caused by radiation poisoning.

On 26 April 1986 at 01:23 a.m. (UTC 3) reactor number four at the Chernobyl plant, near Prypiat in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, exploded. Further explosions and the resulting fire sent a plume of highly radioactive fallout into the atmosphere and over an extensive geographical area. Four hundred times more fallout was released than had been by the atomic bombing of Hiroshima.

The plume drifted over large parts of the western Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, Western Europe, and Northern Europe, with some nuclear rain falling as far away as Ireland. Large areas in Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia were badly contaminated, resulting in the evacuation and resettlement of over 336,000 people. According to official post-Soviet data, about 60% of the radioactive fallout landed in Belarus.

The accident raised concerns about the safety of the Soviet nuclear power industry as well as nuclear power in general, slowing its expansion for a number of years while forcing the Soviet government to become less secretive.

The countries of Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus have been burdened with the continuing and substantial decontamination and health care costs of the Chernobyl accident. It is difficult to accurately quantify the number of deaths caused by the events at Chernobyl, as over time it becomes harder to determine whether a death has been caused by exposure to radiation.

The 2005 report prepared by the Chernobyl Forum, led by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and World Health Organization (WHO), attributed 56 direct deaths (47 accident workers, and nine children with thyroid cancer), and estimated that there may be 4,000 extra cancer deaths among the approximately 600,000 most highly exposed people. Although the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone and certain limited areas remain off limits, the majority of affected areas are now considered safe for settlement and economic activity.

Duration : 0:9:16


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]]> http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/inside-chernobyls-sarcophagus-2-of-5/feed 0 Inside Chernobyl’s Sarcophagus 3 of 5 http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/inside-chernobyls-sarcophagus-3-of-5 http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/inside-chernobyls-sarcophagus-3-of-5#comments Mon, 01 Feb 2010 19:43:16 +0000 admin http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/inside-chernobyls-sarcophagus-3-of-5 The Chernobyl disaster was a nuclear reactor accident that occurred on 26 April 1986 at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Ukraine (then part of the Soviet Union). It is considered to be the worst nuclear power plant disaster in history and the only level 7 event on the International Nuclear Event Scale. It resulted in a severe release of radioactivity following a massive power excursion that destroyed the reactor. Most deaths from the accident were caused by radiation poisoning.

On 26 April 1986 at 01:23 a.m. (UTC 3) reactor number four at the Chernobyl plant, near Prypiat in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, exploded. Further explosions and the resulting fire sent a plume of highly radioactive fallout into the atmosphere and over an extensive geographical area. Four hundred times more fallout was released than had been by the atomic bombing of Hiroshima.

The plume drifted over large parts of the western Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, Western Europe, and Northern Europe, with some nuclear rain falling as far away as Ireland. Large areas in Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia were badly contaminated, resulting in the evacuation and resettlement of over 336,000 people. According to official post-Soviet data, about 60% of the radioactive fallout landed in Belarus.

The accident raised concerns about the safety of the Soviet nuclear power industry as well as nuclear power in general, slowing its expansion for a number of years while forcing the Soviet government to become less secretive.

The countries of Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus have been burdened with the continuing and substantial decontamination and health care costs of the Chernobyl accident. It is difficult to accurately quantify the number of deaths caused by the events at Chernobyl, as over time it becomes harder to determine whether a death has been caused by exposure to radiation.

The 2005 report prepared by the Chernobyl Forum, led by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and World Health Organization (WHO), attributed 56 direct deaths (47 accident workers, and nine children with thyroid cancer), and estimated that there may be 4,000 extra cancer deaths among the approximately 600,000 most highly exposed people. Although the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone and certain limited areas remain off limits, the majority of affected areas are now considered safe for settlement and economic activity.

Duration : 0:9:24


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]]> http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/inside-chernobyls-sarcophagus-3-of-5/feed 0 Inside Chernobyl’s Sarcophagus 5 of 5 http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/inside-chernobyls-sarcophagus-5-of-5 http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/inside-chernobyls-sarcophagus-5-of-5#comments Mon, 25 Jan 2010 21:36:06 +0000 admin http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/inside-chernobyls-sarcophagus-5-of-5 The Chernobyl disaster was a nuclear reactor accident that occurred on 26 April 1986 at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Ukraine (then part of the Soviet Union). It is considered to be the worst nuclear power plant disaster in history and the only level 7 event on the International Nuclear Event Scale. It resulted in a severe release of radioactivity following a massive power excursion that destroyed the reactor. Most deaths from the accident were caused by radiation poisoning.

On 26 April 1986 at 01:23 a.m. (UTC 3) reactor number four at the Chernobyl plant, near Prypiat in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, exploded. Further explosions and the resulting fire sent a plume of highly radioactive fallout into the atmosphere and over an extensive geographical area. Four hundred times more fallout was released than had been by the atomic bombing of Hiroshima.

The plume drifted over large parts of the western Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, Western Europe, and Northern Europe, with some nuclear rain falling as far away as Ireland. Large areas in Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia were badly contaminated, resulting in the evacuation and resettlement of over 336,000 people. According to official post-Soviet data, about 60% of the radioactive fallout landed in Belarus.

The accident raised concerns about the safety of the Soviet nuclear power industry as well as nuclear power in general, slowing its expansion for a number of years while forcing the Soviet government to become less secretive.

The countries of Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus have been burdened with the continuing and substantial decontamination and health care costs of the Chernobyl accident. It is difficult to accurately quantify the number of deaths caused by the events at Chernobyl, as over time it becomes harder to determine whether a death has been caused by exposure to radiation.

The 2005 report prepared by the Chernobyl Forum, led by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and World Health Organization (WHO), attributed 56 direct deaths (47 accident workers, and nine children with thyroid cancer), and estimated that there may be 4,000 extra cancer deaths among the approximately 600,000 most highly exposed people. Although the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone and certain limited areas remain off limits, the majority of affected areas are now considered safe for settlement and economic activity.

Duration : 0:9:17


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]]> http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/inside-chernobyls-sarcophagus-5-of-5/feed 0 Inside Chernobyl’s Sarcophagus 4 of 5 http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/inside-chernobyls-sarcophagus-4-of-5 http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/inside-chernobyls-sarcophagus-4-of-5#comments Sat, 23 Jan 2010 14:46:07 +0000 admin http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/inside-chernobyls-sarcophagus-4-of-5 The Chernobyl disaster was a nuclear reactor accident that occurred on 26 April 1986 at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Ukraine (then part of the Soviet Union). It is considered to be the worst nuclear power plant disaster in history and the only level 7 event on the International Nuclear Event Scale. It resulted in a severe release of radioactivity following a massive power excursion that destroyed the reactor. Most deaths from the accident were caused by radiation poisoning.

On 26 April 1986 at 01:23 a.m. (UTC 3) reactor number four at the Chernobyl plant, near Prypiat in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, exploded. Further explosions and the resulting fire sent a plume of highly radioactive fallout into the atmosphere and over an extensive geographical area. Four hundred times more fallout was released than had been by the atomic bombing of Hiroshima.

The plume drifted over large parts of the western Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, Western Europe, and Northern Europe, with some nuclear rain falling as far away as Ireland. Large areas in Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia were badly contaminated, resulting in the evacuation and resettlement of over 336,000 people. According to official post-Soviet data, about 60% of the radioactive fallout landed in Belarus.

The accident raised concerns about the safety of the Soviet nuclear power industry as well as nuclear power in general, slowing its expansion for a number of years while forcing the Soviet government to become less secretive.

The countries of Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus have been burdened with the continuing and substantial decontamination and health care costs of the Chernobyl accident. It is difficult to accurately quantify the number of deaths caused by the events at Chernobyl, as over time it becomes harder to determine whether a death has been caused by exposure to radiation.

The 2005 report prepared by the Chernobyl Forum, led by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and World Health Organization (WHO), attributed 56 direct deaths (47 accident workers, and nine children with thyroid cancer), and estimated that there may be 4,000 extra cancer deaths among the approximately 600,000 most highly exposed people. Although the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone and certain limited areas remain off limits, the majority of affected areas are now considered safe for settlement and economic activity.

Duration : 0:9:10


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]]> http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/inside-chernobyls-sarcophagus-4-of-5/feed 0 Routes of Exposure to Hazardous Materials 1950 http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/routes-of-exposure-to-hazardous-materials-1950 http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/routes-of-exposure-to-hazardous-materials-1950#comments Sun, 13 Sep 2009 11:24:08 +0000 admin http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/routes-of-exposure-to-hazardous-materials-1950 Some hazardous materials are not harmful by any route of exposure, while others are harmful by some or all of the routes of exposure. Inhalation (Breathing) – Chemicals in the air can be inhaled into the body through the mouth or nose. In the workplace airborne chemicals may occur in different forms such as gases, vapours, dusts or mists. Skin Contact -Many chemicals can cause direct effects at the point of contact with the skin. Some chemicals can be absorbed into the body through the skin. Eye Contact – Chemicals can also come in contact with the eyes as dusts, mists, gases ,vapours,or when liquids are splashed.Some chemicals can be absorbed through the eyes causing harmful effects elsewhere in the body. Ingestion (Swallowing) – Chemicals can be ingested through the mouth. In workplaces, ingestion can result from hand-to-mouth contact, consuming contaminated food or drink, or smoking cigarettes that have come into contact with a chemical or unclean hands. Sometimes workplace chemicals are accidentally swallowed. This is clipped from the 1950 film, Self Preservation In an Atomic Attack, produced for the US Armed Forces Special Weapons Project and available at the Internet Archives.

Duration : 0:0:9


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]]> http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/routes-of-exposure-to-hazardous-materials-1950/feed 0 How Much is A Safe Dose1950 http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/how-much-is-a-safe-dose1950 http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/how-much-is-a-safe-dose1950#comments Fri, 11 Sep 2009 14:30:09 +0000 admin http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/how-much-is-a-safe-dose1950 In 2003, the US Biologic Effects of Ionizing Radiation Report, BEIR VII, developed the most up-to-date and comprehensive risk estimates for cancer and other health effects from exposure to low-level ionizing radiation. It was among the first reports of its kind to include detailed estimates for cancer incidence in addition to cancer mortality. In general, BEIR VII supports previously reported risk estimates for cancer and leukemia, but the availability of new and more extensive data have strengthened confidence in these estimates. A comprehensive review of available biological and biophysical data supports a linear-no-threshold (LNT) risk model—that the risk of cancer proceeds in a linear fashion at lower doses without a threshold and that the smallest dose has the potential to cause a small increase in risk to humans. The report is available from the National Academies Press at http://dels.nas.edu/dels/rpt_briefs/beir_vii_final.pdf . This is clipped from the 1950 film, Self Preservation In an Atomic Attack, produced for the US Armed Forces Special Weapons Project and available at the Internet Archives.

Duration : 0:0:13


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]]> http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/how-much-is-a-safe-dose1950/feed 0 Surviving an Atomic Blast 1950 http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/surviving-an-atomic-blast-1950 http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/surviving-an-atomic-blast-1950#comments Wed, 09 Sep 2009 16:40:05 +0000 admin http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/surviving-an-atomic-blast-1950 This is clipped from a military training film on how soldiers can survive and atomic attack. This is clipped from the 1950 film, Self Preservation In an Atomic Attack, produced for the US Armed Forces Special Weapons Project and available at the Internet Archives.

Duration : 0:3:27


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]]> http://www.weapons-of-mass-destruction.info/nuclear-decontamination/surviving-an-atomic-blast-1950/feed 0